The concept of Switching
In 1876, Alexander Graham Bell invented the first telephone. The early telephone system was simply a wired connection between two points. Today there are over 650 million telephones all over the world. The world’s telephones must be capable of being interconnected. These telephones cannot be interlinked with each other as laying a separate line is not feasible for so many connections. A switching system is needed to switch calls between various points.
A switching system controls the flow of information being transmitted over telephone lines. The switching centers are of two types-those that form part of a public network and those that are private and installed for use within an organization (called private board exchanges). A switching system controls the way it connects calls by performing three functions
Monitoring function determines when an action is needed, that is, when a service is requested by a subscriber and when it is no longer required. Logic function determines what action is needed, that is, what lines must be connected and what is the best route to complete the call. Commands function initiates the needed action. They operate those parts of the system which complete the connection and release them when the connection is no longer required.
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